Tag Archives: Abide

New Vistas

21 Monday Aug 2023

Posted by in Studies, Whole Armor of God

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Hello Readers and welcome-or welcome back-to Renaissance Woman where, this week, I continue in my study of Ephesians 6: 10-18a.  I am looking specifically at the Apostle Paul’s urging to “Put on the whole armor of God” (verse 11).

This past week has been an interesting one.  Every Christian book I have picked up and every teacher I have listened to has given me a variation on the same message: rest, abide, do only those things you see The Father doing, it is Christ in you that is the hope of glory, Christ lives in you by His Spirit, it is the Holy Spirit who is the revealer, guide, and ability to live the Christian life.  This is all in line with what I have seen up until now in my study: that the Whole Armor of God is the very life of God.  My conviction appears to be substantiated when I read Ephesians 6:11 out of Jonathan Mitchell’s New Testament: “you folks must at some point, for yourselves, enter within (or: clothe yourselves with) the full suit of armor and implements of war (panoply; the complete equipment for men-at-arms) which is God (or: which comes from and belongs to God), in order for you to be continuously able and powerful to stand (or: to make a stand) facing toward the crafty methods (stratagems; schemes; intrigues) of the adversary…” (Mitchell, 479)

I believe this to be true: I believe when Jesus cried “it is finished!” on the cross He had done everything necessary to abolish sin and death and restore us to relationship with The Father.  With His resurrection and ascension, we now have a new and living way opened for us and we-boldly and with confidence-enter the holy places (see Hebrews 10:19-20).  In terms of the whole armor of God and Spiritual Warfare, I don’t believe we are “putting on” something exterior to us nor are we responsible for claiming ground for Jesus, building the kingdom, or seeking to defeat Satan in any way.  Again, I believe this passage is describing the Covenant Life of God freely given to us (and IN US via the Holy Spirit), that the victory belongs entirely to Jesus (see 1 John 3:8) and is a free gift to us because we are in Him, and that His life in us makes us to STAND. 

But then, it doesn’t really matter what I believe if the scripture is saying something else.  The English is clear: Paul says to “PUT ON the whole armor of God”.  I am not forgetting he says to “take up the whole armor of God” in verse 13 but that is the focus of a later post.  At face value, “Put On” does seem to be describing the whole armor of God as something external that we must put on in the sense that we put on our clothes every day.  To that end, I looked up the Greek Word translated “put on”.

That word is endysasthe.  It is the Aorist Imperative Middle 2nd Person Plural Verb form of the Greek enduo.  I realize few share my love of Grammar so I ask you to stay with me through the next few paragraphs!  I’m sure we all remember the definition of a Verb from our language classes but, just as a reminder, a verb is a word that shown an action, occurrence, or state of being.  The Aorist is the tense of the verb and is (probably) best defined as simple past tense.  The Aorist states that an action has happened but gives no information on how long the action took or whether the results are still in effect.  Aorist verbs describe the entire action as a single event.  According to the Ezra Project, “Aorist is an ideal tense to describe an action that happens at a particular point in time.  That is why some grammar books describe it as ‘punctiliar’”. (See Ezra Project link and link to definition of “punctiliar” below).

The Mood of the verb is Imperative which is a verb form used to make a demand or to give advice or instructions.  2nd Person Plural refers to the speaker’s audience.  In this case, the Apostle Paul is addressing many “youse”. 

The Verb enduo is Strong’s number 1746 and is a compound word comprised of en (1722) and duo (1416).  En denotes a fixed position in place, time, or state, instrumentality, a relation of rest, and means simply “in”.  Duo means “to sink, to go down.”  Enduo is thus defined as “to invest with clothing in the sense of sinking into a garment; array, endue”. 

There was enough here for me to meditate on for days however some teachers I’ve recently listened to have made some snarky comments about the definitions in the Strong’s Concordance.  Thus the reason I verified the definition in two other resources.  The Young’s Concordance defines enduo as “to clothe, to go into clothing”.  The Greek English Lexicon defines enduo literally as “to put any kind of thing on oneself; clothe oneself in, put on, wear” and metaphorically as, “the taking on of characteristics, virtues, intentions.”  This Lexicon lists Ephesians 6:11 under the literal definition and Ephesians 4:24 under the metaphorical.  That scripture is “and that you put on the new man which was created according to God, in true righteousness and holiness.”  An interesting anecdote of Alexander the Great is included in this section and that is that, when he would dress as the gods, he believed he became Ammon, Artemis, Hermes, or Heracles.

Still with me?  Great!  Here are my conclusions.  First, I see no reason to consider the occurrence of enduo in Ephesians 6:11 as literal and the occurrence in Ephesians 4:24 as metaphorical. The occurrence in Ephesians 4:24 is endysasthai which is the Aorist Infinitive Middle form of the verb.  Second, I am fascinated by the verb being aorist in both passages.  Both the new man and the whole armor of God are new realities and ways of being for us in this today moment but they originate at a point in the past. They are not new in any sense of the word except that they are new to us when the Holy Spirit opens our eyes to see them.

Third, I am fascinated by the fact there is no getting around that there are two ways of looking at this word enduo.  We can define it as we are clothing ourselves in the armor that belongs to God and it is ours on loan or we can define it as we are sinking down into the very life of Jesus Christ and He Himself is our armor.  In the first definition, there is no vital connection to the armor.  It is not something that is a part of us which brings me to the inevitable conclusion that, since the armor belongs to God and it is really only loaned to me, it is something that can be snatched away if I happen to fail while conducting Spiritual Warfare.

I have heard many believers say things about their relationship-or lack thereof-to The Father which makes me believe many accept this first definition as truth.  I recently read a description of a book on spiritual warfare which told me the book would help me learn how to escape Satan’s grip, how to address the roots of spiritual bondage, and would teach me how to avoid the wrong approaches so I could truly partner with the Holy Spirit and experience freedom.

This book description is, to me, sadly indicative of the state of believers who do not believe what is spelled out in the Bible.  Satan has no grip on me because the Son of God was manifested that He might destroy the works of the devil.  I don’t worry about sin because I am IN CHRIST, therefore I am born from above (or again), and, because I am born of God I do not sin because His seed remains in me and I cannot sin.  Don’t believe this means you as well? Don’t believe all of that is even in the Bible?  Read 1 John 3!  And, there’s more.

The blood of Jesus, the blood of the new covenant, has cleansed me from all sin because I am IN CHRIST and therefore I walk in the Light as He Himself is in the Light (See 1 John 1:7).  Perfect freedom is mine because the law of the Spirit of life IN CHRIST JESUS has set me free from the law of sin and death (see Romans 8:2).  I could go on.  An excellent eye-opening study is to go through the New Testament and underline every occurrence of the words “in Christ”.  Seeing what is ours IN CHRIST is truly marvelous.

And so, I choose the second definition.  I don’t choose it because I wish to (although it really is so much better than the first) but because it is the truth I see proclaimed to me from every page of the Bible.  The manifestation of Jesus Christ, God Incarnate, is my fixed position in time.  As time is linear, this fixed point is past and yet is so vitally my present and also will be my future.  I put Him on by hastening to enter into His rest thus resting from all my works.  I put Him on by abiding in Him because apart from Him I can do nothing.  I put Him on as I conformed more and more into His image.  I sink down into everything He is and experience everything that is mine because I am His and He is God’s (1 Corinthians 3:21).         

He is my salvation.  He is my life.  He is the whole armor of God who protects me and ministers His victory to me in all times and places because in Him I live and move and have my being.  I sink down into Jesus Christ, snuggle into Him like the most comfortable of garments, and my life is now hidden with Him in God (Colossians 3:3).

Isn’t this incredible?!  May the Holy Spirit open our eyes to Christ who is our life!

Unless noted otherwise, all Scriptures are quoted from The Holy Bible, New King James Version, Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee, 1982

References

Ephesians 6 Interlinear Bible (biblehub.com)

Greek Tenses Explained – Ezra Project

Punctiliar Definition & Meaning – Merriam-Webster

Imperative Mood | Definition, Examples & Use (scribbr.com)

Middle Voice: Overview & Examples | What is Middle Voice? | Study.com

Second Person: Explanation and Examples (grammar-monster.com)

Danker, Frederick William, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third Edition, University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1957, 2000

Green, Jay P., The Interlinear Bible: Hebrew, Greek, English, Volume IV, Second Edition, Authors For Christ, Inc. Lafayette, IN, 1796, 2000

Mitchell, Jonathan Paul, MA, The New Testament, 2019 Edition, Harper Brown Publishing, 2009, 2019

Strong, James, LL.D., S.T.D., The New Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville Tennessee, 1990

Young, Robert, LL.D., Young’s Analytical Concordance to the Bible, Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody, Massachusetts

Laboring Under a Misapprehension

24 Monday Jul 2023

Posted by in Studies, Whole Armor of God

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Image by PublicDomainArchive from Pixabay

Good Day!  Welcome to a new week and a new post on Renaissance Woman.

This week’s post is a continuation of my study on Ephesians 6:10-18a: “Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord and in the power of His might.  Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil.  For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places.  Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand.  Stand therefore, having girded your waist with truth, having put on the breastplate of righteousness, and having shod your feet with the preparation of the gospel of peace; above all, taking the shield of faith with which you will be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked one.  And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God; praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit…”

I’ve thought about this passage many times over the years.  I wondered if there was any significance to the order in which the armor is listed or whether one part might be considered the most important.  The shield of faith is introduced with the words “above all” so there was a time when I focused on the shield of faith.  But then, every other part of the armor would have been put on before a roman soldier ever took up shield and sword so, while important, the shield was not necessarily the most important.  As I got interested in Ancient Roman History, I wondered if the order in which a soldier put on his armor matched Paul’s list and thus had any significance and whether the roman soldiers considered one part of the armor more indispensable than another.  I had fun reading different articles on the legionaries of Rome and found there were as many opinions on what was the crucial piece of armor as there were articles.

This was all, of course, before I came to see the armor of God not as something external from us we had to be vigilant to put on (and be extra vigilant not to forget a piece before facing our day) but rather as Jesus Christ Himself.  The Whole Armor of God is the same as the Fruit of the Spirit.  Galatians 5:22-23 list out love, joy, peace longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control but these are not a list of the Fruits of the Spirit-plural but rather an attempt to comprehensively describe the Fruit of the Spirit-singular.  So it is with the Whole Armor of God.  It is not separate pieces we have to be certain we’ve put on every day.  Each piece described by Paul is merely an attempt to comprehensively describe who Jesus Christ is to us at every given moment.  What is coming at us?  Fiery darts?  No problem because Jesus Christ is our defense and a shield about us.  Enemy coming for your mind or attacking your vitals?  No need to fear!  Jesus is the helmet of our salvation and our breastplate of righteousness. 

But, even though I had come to see the whole armor of God as a cohesive description of the strength and might of our Lord Jesus Christ, there were still cobwebs of tradition that needed to be swept away and necessary wisdom and revelation to be given by the Spirit. As I had started this study by focusing on Ephesians 6:10 and also on the call to stand, I spent last week looking at how our feet ought to be shod.  Paul says our feet are to be shod “with the preparation of the gospel of peace”.  The Roman Soldier had his feet shod with either caligae or calcei. 

The caliga was more boot than sandal but was openwork like a sandal as it was made of leather strips that attached to the sole.  The leather would be beveled on the skin side so the strips did not rub on the soldiers’ feet and cause sores.  The sole of the caliga was hobnailed which provided excellent traction on rough ground or on the body of a fallen enemy, whichever the case may be. Calcei were an enclosed boot that the roman army began to transition to in the 1st century.  They offered better protection in wetter and colder climates but, at the time of Paul’s writing and the fact that he was writing from Rome itself, it’s safe to assume his guards were shod with caligae.  These boots enabled a soldier to march great distances or stand his post in relative comfort. 

And so: the supportive shoes that enable us to stand are the preparation of the gospel of peace.  I remembered Philippians 4:7; “and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.”  I’ve got it!, I cried.  Jesus tells his disciples and therefore us that it is His peace He gives to us (John 14:17) and the passage in Philippians says it is His peace which guards us AND the passage in Ephesians says it is our feet which are shod with the preparation of the gospel of peace.  Therefore, Jesus Himself is our defense, our peace, our strength and might, and, like the hobnailed boots of the roman soldier, our surety that our foot will not slip.  We can trust that in Him we stand and hold our ground.

The conclusion I have just made is not wrong, per se.  Rather, it is incomplete.  There is a word in the Greek that means “stand” in the sense of holding fast.  It is steko (G4739) and means “to be stationary, to persevere, stand (fast)”.  Steko is translated as “stand” in a handful of passages throughout the New Testament.  I will include two examples.  One is Mark 11:25: “And whenever you stand praying, if you have anything against anyone, forgive him, that your Father in heaven may also forgive you your trespasses”.  Another is Galatians 5:1: “Stand fast therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and do not be entangled again with a yoke of bondage.” 

The meaning is clear in these passages.  Our English word “stand” is an accurate translation of the Greek: we stand, persevere, hold fast.  Before last week’s study, I would have agreed this idea of standing is a perfect picture of us having put on the whole armor of God: He gives us His strength so that we stand, persevere, hold fast.  Except steko doesn’t appear at all in the passage in Ephesians.  Every time the English word “stand” appears in this passage, it is translating histemi (G2476). Histemi means, “to stand, abide, appoint, bring, continue, covenant, establish, hold up, lay, present, set (up), staunch, stand (by, forth, still, up).” 

Reading this turned the picture I had in my mind on its head.  I was picturing The Believer standing against the onslaught of the enemy in the power and might of the Lord, persevering against slings and arrows because He was the armor and defense, and able to stand being solidly rooted in His peace.  Instead, I had to picture The Believer abiding.  I had to reconsider everything I thought about Spiritual Warfare because it is conducted from a place of rest. 

This seems so counterintuitive.  Warfare and rest are opposite sides of the coin, right?  Don’t we have to conduct warfare so that we can have rest?  Hebrews 4:10-11a hold the answer for it says, “For he who has once entered into [God’s] rest also has ceased from [the weariness and pain] of human labors, just as God rested from those labors peculiarly His own. [Gen. 2:2.] Let us therefore be zealous and exert ourselves and strive diligently to enter in that rest [of God]-to know and experience it for ourselves…” (Amplified).  The King James Version says “Let us labour therefore to enter into that rest…”  The Greek word translated as “labour” in the KJV doesn’t hold the meaning of hard work or strenuous activity.  The word is spoudazo (G4704) and it means “to use speed, to make effort, be prompt or earnest, give diligence, be diligent, endeavor, labour, study.”  I find it is a relational word: when we are excited to spend time with someone, we make haste to be prompt so we don’t miss a minute. So it is with the excitement and earnestness with which we enter His rest.

I have always seen this passage on the whole armor of God as relating to Spiritual Warfare.  After all, who wears armor other than someone prepared for battle?  I think it still does but it is the strangest sort of warfare: utterly opposite from everything I’ve been taught to believe.  When I began this study, I saw warfare as something conducted from the victory of Jesus Christ rather than an attempt to gain a victory but never within the context of abiding, covenant, and rest.  As I looked at the word histemi, I thought of the words of Jesus: “without Me you can do nothing…abide in Me…” (John 15). 

That is an arresting idea: the Whole Armor of God as the covenant life and rest that is ours as we abide in Jesus Christ.  Our English “in” is the Greek word en (G1722) which means “a fixed position (in place, time, or state), instrumentality, a relation of rest.”  Our precious Savior says to us, “Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.  Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.  For My yoke is easy and My burden is light” (Matthew 11:28-30).

This is my focus for the upcoming week.  I am seeing myself as no longer laboring or striving under the burden of all the shoulds, oughts, and musts but will see myself laboring  or making haste to enter His rest.  I will not see myself as standing as in I must persevere and hold fast but rather abiding in the One who is my life.

Hallelujah!  Hallelujah!  Amen.

Unless noted otherwise, all Scriptures are quoted from The Holy Bible, New King James Version, Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee, 1982

References

Romans in Britain – The Roman Soldier’s Footwear – Caligae and Calcei (romanobritain.org)

 Caligae – Legio X Fretensis (x-legio.com)

The Comparative Study Bible, The Zondervan Corporation, Grand rapids, Michigan, 1984

Matyszak, Philip, Legionary: The Roman Soldier’s (Unofficial) Manual, Thames & Hudson, London, UK, 2009, Page 52-54

Strong, James, LL.D., S.T.D., The New Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible, Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville Tennessee, 1990